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Rationing in Cuba refers to the system of food distribution known in Cuba as the ''Libreta de Abastecimiento'' ("Supplies booklet"). The system establishes the rations each person is allowed to buy through that system, and the frequency of supplies. Despite rumors of ending, the system still exists. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=The end of rationing? )〕 As of 2012, a coupon book taken to a ration shop provided family minimums for rice, sugar, matches, and oil, above the average wage of £15/month.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NVRlhgPF2U4 )〕 On top of rationing, the average wage at the end of 2005 was 334 regular pesos per month ($16.70 per month) and average monthly pension was $9. ==Overview== The vast majority of Cuban families rely, for their food intake, on the ''Libreta de Abastecimiento'' (literally, "Supplies booklet") distribution system, instated on March 12, 1962.〔(Overview of Cuba's Food Rationing System ) José Alvarez University of Florida〕 The system establishes the rations each person is allowed to buy through the system, and the frequency of supplies. Most of these products are distributed at the local ''bodega'' (convenience store specialized in distributing these rations), and in the case of meat, poultry or fish, at the local ''carnicería'' (meat store).〔 Other industrial products are also included in the ''libreta'', such as cigarettes, cigars, matches and cooking fuels (liquified gas, alcohol, kerosene or even charcoal, depending on each person’s means for cooking). Other products can also be distributed through this method, such as light bulbs and other home supplies. Products included in the ''libreta'' vary according to age and gender. For example, children below 7 years old are provided 1 litre of milk per day, as are the elderly, the ill, and pregnant women.〔 Adults above 65 years are entitled to different allowances, as well. Granting a special diet requires presentation of a medical certificate which confirms the health condition and what product requirements this condition has. A Government office, specially created for this task, the OFICODA, distributes the ''libreta'' to all citizens each year, in the form of a small booklet. This booklet contains pages indicating the exact number and age groups of persons composing the family nucleus (typically, one booklet is released per family nucleus), as well as any dietary indications. A person’s products are distributed only at the ''bodega'' that serves their area of official residence. A person cannot receive their products somewhere else, so each change of address requires returning to the OFICODA to update the booklet's data, and those living away from their registered addresses have to return to the previous area for their supplies. Products distributed through the ''libreta'' mechanism are sold at subsidized prices, which have been kept more or less stable since its inception (the mean salary of a worker has varied very little since, as well). The ''libreta'' contains a page for every month, where the clerk marks what products were withdrawn, and in which quantities. Cubans are required to present the ''libreta'' each time they buy the rations. At its inception, the rationing system included not only food products, but industrial products as well. Along with the ''libreta'', a tear-off coupon booklet was distributed, whose purpose was to set the allowances for industrial products, mainly clothing, shoes, and home products, as well as rationing the toys sold to families with children (which were allowed 3 different toys per child per year, usually sold near or at January 6, the Three Kings Day, or ''Día de Reyes''). After the demise of the Eastern Bloc in 1991, Cuba entered the "Special Period" and industrial products were no longer distributed through this system. A specific set of laws regulate the functioning of the system, as well as establishing penalties for its misuse. Most irregularities deal with clerks not recording products in the booklet, or recording them incorrectly, and the weighing of the products distributed. Citizens could be legally liable if they don't promptly inform the local OFICODA of any changes in the composition of the family nucleus. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア(Wikipedia)』 ■ウィキペディアで「Rationing in Cuba」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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